As artificial intelligence data centers drive a surge in electricity demand, US federal agencies and state policymakers are implementing new regulatory frameworks to manage the strain on the power grid. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) has directed PJM Interconnection to establish transparent rules for large, co-located loads to safeguard system reliability. Simultaneously, individual states are enacting distinct laws to limit cost-shifting onto residents and manage local infrastructure impacts, creating a complex dual-governance landscape for energy and technology sectors.